Man and Economic is inseparable . Both are a Divine Trust which transcend from the al – Mighty God with a purpose and objective to fulfill in this Earth . The betterment in the life of Man in this world and the Hereafter is largely depended on these two items. With this objective in mind , different approaches has been taken by different economies to actualize this benefit . The different views on issues pertaining to religious beliefs coming into the framework of economics study has influenced the thoughts of economists in establishing their theories . The Capitalists and Socialists perceives their views in the framework of a secularistic environment where an ‘economic man’ is different from a ‘religious man’ whereby Islamic economists see them as inseparable . In view of this differences , the discussion behind the reason and importance of Man’s motivation in his economic life will be discussed vividly in the following sections .
Motivation – A Defination
Motivation theories have attempted to answer the question of motivation performance from a variety of viewpoints , with each having a different concept of motivation . But they all seem to agree on the point that ‘ a motive is an internal factor that arouses , directs , and intergrates a person’s behaviour . It is not observed directly , but it is inferred from his behaviour ’. For Herzberg , motivation is the main key to Man’s satisfaction . Motivators tools such as recognition of work , personal growth , promotions , pay rise and other material gains are important for Man’s satisfaction without which , dissatisfaction will surely result . As to Abraham Maslow , Man’s motivation is shaped by a hierarchy of needs , once a lower need is satisfied , a higher one in the sequence will replace . His hierarchy of needs are broken up into 5 basic needs such as Physiological , Safety , Affection , Esteem and Self – Actualisation needs respectively . In the ideal socialist understanding of human motivation , man’s motivation is by going back to the law of nature where Man’s needs should be controlled rather than allowing him to be enslaved with his own needs . Thus , the role of the Government is important in playing the role of the motivator in controlling Man’s needs . In the Islamic perspective , motivation includes all of the above but with an Islamic ideology as the main basis and fundamentals . It is the belief in the Divine Guidance ( Shariah ) and Divine Principle of Tawhid where a constant relationship between belief , work and reward in this life and in the hereafter motivate Man in satisfying his needs together with the needs of the society and at the same time assisting in safeguarding him from being enslaved with his own needs ( 7 : 74 , 11 : 61 , 51 : 19 , 10 : 61 ) . Thus in general , motivation is concerned with how behaviour is activated , maintained , directed and stopped where an individual is motivated by a variety of internal and external factors , the strength of each motive and the pattern of motives influence the way he sees the world , the way he thinks and the activities his engaged with .
Islamic Economics vs Western Economics – A motivational differences
The different concepts of the Western and Islamic economics has greatly affected the way Man’s reacted towards himself , society and the world . It is inevitable that these concepts and ideologies need to be highlighted and elaborated in discussing Man’s motivation in his economic life as they are the main guiding rod in the establishment of the economic outlook of the individual and the society . In this section , a detailed comparison on the different concepts and ideologies of economics which act as a reason and importance behind Man’s motivation , in the Islamic perspectives and also in the Western perspectives will be the focused .
Islam And Economic Development / M.Umer Chapra / International Institute Islamic Thought / 1993
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